Understanding Fractions
What is a Fraction?
A fraction is a part of a whole.
Example: Cutting an apple into 4 parts, each part is 1/4 of the apple.
Parts of a Fraction
- Numerator: Number of parts we are considering (top number).
- Denominator: Total number of equal parts (bottom number).
Example: 3/4 (Three parts out of four).
Types of Fractions
- Proper Fractions: Numerator < Denominator (e.g., 3/4).
- Improper Fractions: Numerator > Denominator (e.g., 7/4).
- Mixed Fractions: A whole number and a fraction combined (e.g., 1 3/4).
Equivalent Fractions
Fractions that look different but are equal.
Example: 1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8.
How to Find: Multiply or divide both numerator and denominator by the same number.
Comparing Fractions
- Same Denominator: Compare numerators directly (e.g., 3/8 < 5/8).
- Different Denominators: Convert to equivalent fractions with a common denominator.
Adding and Subtracting Fractions
- Like Fractions: Add or subtract numerators; keep the same denominator (e.g., 1/4 + 2/4 = 3/4).
- Unlike Fractions: Convert to like fractions first.
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions
- Multiplication: Multiply numerators and denominators (e.g., 2/3 × 4/5 = 8/15).
- Division: Multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction (e.g., 2/3 ÷ 4/5 = 2/3 × 5/4 = 5/6).
Real-Life Applications
- Cooking recipes (e.g., 1/2 cup of sugar).
- Dividing a pizza among friends.
- Measuring lengths in fractions.
Interactive Quiz
1. What is 1/2 + 1/4?
2. Is 2/3 an equivalent fraction of 4/6?
3. Multiply 3/5 × 2/7.
Conclusion
Fractions represent parts of a whole.
Understand numerators, denominators, and operations.
Practice fractions every day, and they will become your best friend!
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